Tuesday, 29 April 2025

'Husaria' - An historic Silver Shadow driven in the adventurous spirit of the Polish winged cavalry - 60th Anniversary of the Design


The Polish Winged Cavalry

In the Autumn of 1965 the most radical design for Rolls-Royce was revealed to the public at the Paris Motor Show. Dealers caught their first glimpse of the car on September 30th and October 1st. As you know, the Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow (and the Bentley T Series) were designed by John Blatchley who produced a far more compact design than the previous Silver Cloud but with at least as much interior space.

Parked beside the current models, the Shadow appears dainty and elegant indeed, a car easy to use and manage (except parking!) in the traffic conditions of 2025. 

Being of a monocoque construction with self-leveling suspension and disc brakes, it marked the most significant departure in 60 years from the chassis based, coach-built models of the past. From the outset it was designed with the owner/driver in mind. Over a period of more than 10 years, 16,717 Silver Shadows and 1712 Bentley T-Series were produced making it the most successful Rolls-Royce of all time. A much underestimated car and a revolution at the time. 

I have owned mine for over 38 years and it remains completely original. I feel it is high time I wrote something about my extensive experience with this magnificent vehicle, the background to my ownership as far as I can ascertain, even if neglecting and remaining tactfully silent of my own detailed 'adventurous history' with it. 

Being still rather preoccupied with present personal pleasures in my Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow, I never carried out the highly valuable, meticulous and deeply detailed research into the former custodians as has the remarkable sleuth David Davies on 'Sir Blue' (Spirit & Speed 397 May 2025).


Mr. Philip. N. Cutner (F.R.C.S. Ed.)
1904-1990

The original build sheets of my example, SRH 18723 from the Hunt House, which I retain, indicate that my car was completed on February 5th 1974. It was originally purchased new from the esteemed Mann Egerton & Co. Ltd. W1 on 18th June 1974 (registration VGY 898 M) by the eminent surgeon, Mr. Philip N. Cutner (F.R.C.S. Edinburgh 1934) of Harley Street and Bedford Square, London WC1. Born in Glasgow he was educated in Sydney Australia, returning to Edinburgh University to train in Medicine (MB ChB 1931) and was later awarded the Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons (1934). 

Interestingly, he had trained as an orthodox physician who converted enthusiastically to homeopathy. He was an Orthopaedic Surgeon at the Royal London Homeopathic Hospital where in 1938 he pioneered many orthopaedic, manipulative and sports injury procedures. This work became legendary during the blitz. 

His wife Lydia Cutner (1912-2004) was a renowned homeopathic nurse whom he had met during the war. Both were great philanthropists and set up a still functioning endowment fund for orthopaedic surgery. Philip Cutner was also elected a Fellow of the Hunterian Society in 1947, one of the oldest medical societies in England. He was also curiously a member of the Shark Angling Club of Great Britain, which boded well for the car's future adventurous history under my guidance!

I purchased the Silver Shadow in Wargrave near Henley-on-Thames on 19 May 1987 and paid £12,850 which would be equivalent to circa £36,495 in 2025. Not a great financial investment in real terms but wonderful in every other way. It had covered  a mere 30,917 miles. I hoped to set up a cultural tour business visiting stately homes and landscaped gardens whilst delivering accompanying historic lectures. 

In the foggy intervening years since the Philip Cutner ownership, the car had become part of the fleet used by the Sultan of Oman, HM Qaboos bin Said Al Said, who loved the village of Wargrave and Rolls-Royce motor cars. This explains the 'royal' registration plate 907 HRH (actually Kingston upon Hull registration) which I have retained to rather 'pretentiously display' the car with some amusement (current Polish registration WF 02Y). 

Educated in England and at RMA Sandhurst, he took a keen interest in youth projects. As part of an Omani Evening in 1985 he contributed an 'Arabian Feast' together with a group of fully costumed ritual Royal Omani Sword Dancers and Musicians in the Wargrave Festival. 

A cultural treasure - the Sword Dancers of Oman
(CGTN)

The Sultan bought the Manor of Wargrave and the title in 1973. He did not live there but his mother and some of his wives did until she died. They used the cars and he was also chauffeured in them on his visits. The manor was in addition a horse stud where he bred thoroughbred Arabians. 

There is a strong and enduring relationship between the UK and Oman. On 3 April 2015, the then Prime Minister Mr. David Cameron, spoke on the telephone to Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said following the recent trade agreement reached in Lausanne between the E3/EU+3. The 'E3' now comprises France, Germany and Italy and the 'EU+3' includes the non-European countries, the United States, Russia and China. Cameron had thanked him for the key role he played at the beginning of the process. Much in geopolitics and international relations has transpired since then. An Iranian delegation will hold nuclear talks with the E3 in Rome in May 2025. 

 

The Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said of Oman with Her Majesty the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh on a state visit to Oman, 2010  (BBC News)

Wargrave Manor nr. Henley-on-Thames where SRH 18723 used to visit 

(Neil Tomlinson - Architects)


This large Grade II listed country house lies in a landscaped park dating from the late 18th century and altered in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was owned by Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said of Oman for 40 years before he died on January 10, 2020. This eminent personage was a great benefactor of financial appeals and philanthropic gestures in Wargrave, often performed in in secret. The house was used by members of his family when he visited the UK.

  
The rather more modest Bauhaus landscaped estate in Poland where the car now resides
The car still lives permanently with me in Warsaw. I have now owned 'Roland' for over 38 years

The financial management training programme in Poland of which I had become the Project Manager, began to disintegrate for various complex reasons associated with the many rapid changes in society that accompanied the fall of communism in Poland in the early 1990s. The Swiss educational foundation that employed me found the learning curve in East-Central Europe rather steep. They considered that the Poles had begun to over-extend themselves.


907 HRH and Michael at the Mazovian Ducal Castle of Liw on the former Russian Polish Frontier 


The Silver Shadow SRH18723 before the entrance to the Citadel, Warsaw 1993.
This vast defensive edifice was built by Tsar Nicholas I of Russia between 1832 and 1834 following the suppression of the November Insurrection


I am afraid adventurous ideas of past Polish military glamour had taken over my spirit, as it tends to do. I had read the romantic story of one of the greatest Polish national military heroes, General Władisław Sikorski, allegedly being driven out of Poland in his rakish 1938 Rolls-Royce Phantom III drophead coupé through Romania to Paris ahead of the German invasion in 1939. He was to take up the position of Prime Minister of the Polish Government in Exile in the French capital before relocating to London. 

This magnificent drophead coupé, chassis 3CM 81, has a dashing two-seater body by the glamorous coachbuilder Vanvooren of Paris. The first owner was one Stefan Czarnecki but according to a Sotheby’s catalogue of May 1969, the car was built to the special instructions of General Sikorski and delivered to him in Warsaw (The Derby Phantoms Lawrence Dalton, RREC 1991 p.394). It is now magnificently restored and resides in England. 

The General Władisław Sikorski 1938 Rolls-Royce Phantom III drophead coupé by Vanvooren of Paris, Chassis 3CM 81  (Peter Bradfield)

A Rolls-Royce Phantom II was used by the Polish revolutionary and Chief of State of the Republic of Poland, Field Marshal Józef Piłsudski. The controversial Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Armed Forces, Marshal Śmigły-Rydz, reviewed troops and cavalry regiments in a Phantom II All Weather Tourer until the Soviet invasion of 1939. He once memorably remarked of Poland's grim destiny  ' Germany will destroy our body; Russia will destroy our soul' (Quoted in Poland’s Politics: Idealism versus Realism A Bromke [Cambridge, Mass 1967] 26)



I decided to distract myself from dwelling on the slow death of the contract with a memorable adventure. In June 1993 I decided to take part in an international car rally around Poland - the first since 1913. My friends, mechanics, family - in fact anyone at all - thought I was insane with Kalashnikov car-jackings rife, to take the Rolls-Royce to Poland that summer. 

Listening to Chopin mazurkas, Bach and Mozart as one wafts through the countryside summer or winter is an irresistible pleasure, cosseted in this superb,  completely underrated touring vehicle with its capacious boot and luxurious interior, not unlike an Edwardian library. The 1974 Silver Shadow SRH18723 in Shell Grey with light blue leather is unmolested and has never ‘failed to proceed’ since my ownership began in ambient temperatures ranging from 40C to -25C.

The account of my first adventurous drive to Warsaw from London in 1992 was also entitled 'Husaria' after the famous Polish winged cavalry. It was published in the RREC Bulletin 195 November/December 1992 p.65


Ideological Conflict - the noble RR Silver Shadow SRH18723 sets off Stalin's  Monolith known as the Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw 

A detailed, highly entertaining, account of the 1993 rally around Poland in this car  is contained in the literary travel book I wrote about the country entitled A Country in the Moon (Granta, London 2008) 



The rally assembled at picturesque Kazimierz Dolny near Warsaw 1993
SRH18723 is parked in the top right-hand corner


Highly skilled hot welding of the broken left bank, cast iron exhaust manifold on the RR later in the rally. A great accident drama followed by immense Polish hospitality (food, bed and vodka) over days betraying the national genius for improvisation
 
The colourful Krzysztof  who drove a BMW 'Dixie' on the rally and who kept us amused throughout !


At the conclusion of the rally, a most moving picture of an invalid being lifted from his wheelchair by his friend upon asking to see the interior of the Rolls-Royce 1993
 

Winter in wonderful traffic-free days 32 years ago near Żelazowa Wola, the birthplace of the Polish composer
Fryderyk Chopin


The 1974 Silver Shadow SRH18723

Over the years since my purchase, living at 26 Wheatley Street, St. Marylebone W.1 in London from 1973 until the move to Warsaw in 2005, this impressive vehicle took myself, much Bollinger champagne and some attractive ladies many times through the London Season - Henley, Ascot, Hickstead, Lords, Goodwood, Guards Polo, Cartier Polo as well as Christmas and New Year on the Scottish borders, countless National Trust stately homes, summer picnics, influential parties, operas and concerts.


Yours truly picnicking ensemble at Royal Ascot 1996

Pretentious, moi?

Royal Ascot 1996

If I had suggested to anyone in the early 1990s that a Polish Section of the Rolls-Royce Enthusiasts' Club could be established, I would have been considered 'a suitable case for treatment'. However, this was accomplished on 23 April 2016 and I was elected Secretary of the Polish Section.

The Badge Bar 


Making the best of it on a rainy, pandemic-riddled evening, 4th May 2021,
Karowa Street, Warsaw 2021



On the Dr Stanislaw Markiewicz Neorenaissance flyover on Karowa Street, Warsaw 2020 (Built 1902-1905)



SRH18723 outside the Covid deserted and closed Hotel Bristol Warsaw
4th May 2021

As life goes on, the adventures I have had over the years accumulate but have become increasingly more civilized. When the 20-Ghost Club visited Poland in the summer of 2017, some 30 unique, pre-War Rolls-Royces took part. Such a large group of pre-war cars visiting Poland was completely unprecedented in the history of the country. 


Loitering among visiting members of the 20-Ghost Club outside the Sofitel Warsaw 2017

Owning and maintaining a complex car such as a Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow in Poland (mine for 38 years now) remains an ongoing challenge, and I’d like to think that finally - in a way - the universe rewarded me for it.

As that great engineer Sir Henry Royce once commented, remarks that now steer my future destiny: 'Whatever is rightly done, however humble, is noble. The quality will remain long after the price is forgotten.' One should never forget, a Rolls-Royce is far more than a motorcar. It is a way of life. My life.


Outside the walls of the Katyń Museum at the Warsaw Citadel 2020

 Outside the British Embassy , Warsaw on September 9th 2022
The day after the death of Queen Elizabeth II 
Mascot appropriately encircled by black ribbon


Much more information on the Shadow is here from the Rolls-Royce Press Club


A few of my own experiences and adventures with classic cars 

Tuesday, 22 April 2025

The Hon. Charles Stewart Rolls meets Henry Royce. The 4th May 2024 is the 120th Anniversary of their first meeting at the Midland Hotel, Manchester in 1904

The Hon. Charles Stewart Rolls meets Henry Royce at the Midland Hotel, Manchester on 4th May 1904

RREC Memorial Dinner, Manchester, 4th May 2024

1934 ROLLS ROYCE 20/25 BARKER LIMOUSINE 

[parked at the midland hotel entrance]


 Yours truly standing before the inaccessible .....

Members of the  RREC at the memorial dinner at the Midland Hotel, Manchester
May 4th 2024


Much attention being given to the lecture on the future of the RREC delivered by the Chairman Mr. Andrew Whittaker

The interior of the hotel has been magnificently restored

The Hon. Charles Rolls Suite 

Members of the Swiss Section of the RREC flamboyantly drove an RR Cullinan (Lt.) and Bentley Betayaga (Rt.) from Zurich to Manchester for the event. That is what I call dedication to the marque !






SIR HENRY ROYCE (March 27th.1863 - April 22nd.1933)


The Radley Silver Ghost on the 2013 Alpine Trial

The Honourable Charles Stewart Rolls meets Sir Henry Royce 4th May 1904

May 4th again!

My sentimental celebration of the 120th anniversary meeting of Sir Charles Rolls and Sir Henry Royce at the Midland Hotel Manchester on 4th May 1904 rolls around again. This historic event is customarily celebrated by the CCC and the Secretary of the RREC Polish Section at the Hotel Bristol in Warsaw, Poland. This year the location needs to be different.

My 1974 Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow in Winter at Zelazowa Wola near Warsaw, the birthplace of Fryderyk Chopin

Winter in wonderful traffic-free days 32 years ago !

The Background to my Silver Shadow SRH18723

In the Autumn of 1965 the most radical design for Rolls-Royce was revealed to the public at the Paris Motor Show. Dealers caught their first glimpse of the car on September 30th and October 1st. The Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow and Bentley T-Series was designed by John Blatchley who produced a far more compact design than the previous Silver Cloud but with as much interior space. Parked beside the present New Phantom and other current models, the Shadow appears dainty and elegant indeed, a car far easier to use and manage in the traffic conditions of 2025. 

Being of a monocoque construction with self-levelling suspension and disc brakes it marked the most significant departure in 60 years from the chassis based, coach-built models of the past. From the outset it was designed with the owner/driver in mind. Over a period of more than 10 years, 16,717 Silver Shadows and 1712 Bentley T-Series were produced making it the most successful Rolls-Royce of all time. A much underestimated car.

The original build sheets of SRH 18723 which I retain indicate that my car was completed on February 5th 1974. I purchased it in Wargrave near Henley-on-Thames on 19 May 1987 and paid £12,850 which would be equivalent to £ 36,495 in 2025. Not a great investment in real terms but wonderful in every other way. The car was part of the fleet owned by the Sultan of Oman, HM Qaboos bin Said who loves the village and Rolls-Royce motor cars. This explains the registration plate 907 HRH which I have kept. Educated in England and at RMA Sandhurst he takes a keen interest in youth projects. As part of an Omani Evening in 1985 he contributed an 'Arabian Feast' together with a group of fully costumed ritual Royal Omani Sword Dancers and Musicians to the Wargrave Festival. 

The Sultan bought the Manor of Wargrave and the title in 1973. He does not live there but his mother and some of his wives did until she died. They used the cars and he was also chauffeured in them on his visits. The manor is also a horse stud where he breeds thoroughbred Arabians. 

More recently on 3 April 2015 the Prime Minister Mr. David Cameron spoke on the telephone to Sultan Qaboos of Oman following the recent agreement reached in Lausanne between the E3+3 (China, France, Germany, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States) and Iran. Cameron thanked him for the key role he played at the beginning of the process. There is a strong and enduring relationship between the UK and Oman.


The Sultan with The Queen and Duke of Edinburgh on a state visit to Oman, 2010 
The car presently resides permanently with me in Warsaw. 
I have now owned 'Roland' for 38 years


Ideological Conflict - a noble RR Silver Shadow sets off Stalin's  Monolith known as the Palace of Culture and Science, Warsaw 


Wargrave Manor nr. Henley-on-Thames where SRH 18723 used to reside. 
A large country house in landscaped park dating from the late 18th century and altered in the 19th and 20th centuries.


The rather more modest Bauhaus landscaped estate in Warsaw where the car now resides



907 HRH and Michael at the Mazovian Ducal Castle of Liw on the former Russian Polish Frontier


The Silver Shadow before the entrance to the Citadel, Warsaw

Below you will find an entertaining and informative chapter from my literary travel book about Poland entitled A Country in the Moon. The text deals with an international Polish car rally in 1993 in which I took part - the first international rally here since 1913.

The financial management training programme of which I was the Project Manager began to disintegrate for various complex reasons associated with the many rapid changes in society that accompanied the fall of communism in Poland in the early 1990's. The Swiss educational foundation that employed me found the learning curve in East-Central Europe rather steep. They considered that the Poles had begun to over-extend themselves.

I decided to distract myself from dwelling on the slow death of the contract with an adventure and decided to take part in an international car rally around Poland - the first since 1913. My friends, mechanics, family - in fact anyone at all - thought I was insane to take the Rolls-Royce to Poland that summer - a modestly priced and completely underrated touring vehicle with a capacious boot and luxurious interior not unlike an Edwardian library. The 1974 Silver Shadow SRH 18723 in Shell Grey with light blue leather is unmolested and has never ‘failed to proceed’ in ambient temperatures ranging from 40C to -25C.



SRH 18723 in Central Warsaw

But adventurous ideas of past Polish glamour had taken over. I had read the romantic story of one of the greatest Polish national heroes, General Władisław Sikorski, driving his rakish 1938 Rolls-Royce Phantom III drophead coupé out of Poland through Romania to Paris ahead of the German invasion in 1939. He was to take up the position of Prime Minister of the Polish Government in Exile in the French capital before relocating to London. This magnificent drophead coupé chassis 3CM 81 has a dashing two-seater body by the glamorous coachbuilder Vanvooren of Paris. The first owner was one Stefan Czarnecki but according to a Sotheby’s catalogue of May 1969 the car was built to the special instructions of General Sikorski and delivered to him in Warsaw (The Derby Phantoms Lawrence Dalton, RREC 1991 p394). It is now magnificently restored and resides in England. 



A Rolls-Royce Phantom II was used by the Polish revolutionary and Chief of State of the Republic of Poland, Field Marshal Józef Piłsudski. The controversial Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Armed Forces, Marshal Śmigły-Rydz, reviewed troops and cavalry regiments in a Phantom II All weather Tourer until the Soviet invasion of 1939. He once memorably remarked of Poland's grim destiny  ' Germany will destroy our body; Russia will destroy our soul' (Quoted in Poland’s Politics: Idealism versus Realism A Bromke [Cambridge, Mass 1967] 26)



The account of my first drive to Poland from London was entitled 'Husaria' after the famous Polish winged cavalry. It was published in the RREC Bulletin 195 November/December 1992 p.65

A detailed account of the 1993 international CAAR rally around Poland is in the book I wrote about the country entitled A Country in the Moon (Granta, London 2008) 


SIR HENRY ROYCE (March 27th.1863 - April 22nd.1933)

DRIVEN BY PERFECTION


·                  Rolls-Royce marks the 160th anniversary of the birth of co-founder Sir Henry Royce

·                  A look back at his remarkable life and work reveals a driven, even obsessive character and a relentless work ethic forged in childhood poverty and frequent adversity

·                  The quest for perfection extended to every aspect of Royce’s professional and personal life

·                  His famous maxim “Strive for perfection in everything you do. Take the best that exists and make it better” still informs and inspires the company’s activities today

“Sir Henry Royce bequeathed to the world an extraordinary legacy of engineering innovation and achievement. He also left us, his successors at Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, an unequivocal instruction: ‘Strive for perfection in everything you do. Take the best that exists and make it better’. Sir Henry himself lived out this maxim in every aspect of his personal and professional life. Today, as we mark the 160th anniversary of his birth, his challenge still informs and inspires everything we do. It serves as a constant reminder that perfection is a moving target: it is never ‘done’. There is always something we can refine, adjust, rework, reinvent or innovate in our pursuit of perfection; and that is what makes our life and work here so exciting.”

Torsten Müller-Ötvös, Former Chief Executive Officer, Rolls-Royce Motor Cars

Sir Henry Royce’s uncompromising command, “Strive for perfection in everything you do. Take the best that exists and make it better” is one of the most famous quotations in automotive history. It is also a maxim that rings down the ages, and still inspires and informs the company that bears his name.

As Rolls-Royce marks the 160th anniversary of Sir Henry’s birth, we look back at his remarkable life and career, in search of the origins of his most celebrated and oft-repeated exhortation. What drove his own lifelong striving for perfection; and how did his relentless, some might say obsessive, desire to improve and refine manifest itself in both his work and domestic spheres?

A LOT TO IMPROVE ON

Royce’s early life was one of hardship, poverty and disadvantage. The youngest of five children, he was born in 1863 into a family in perilous financial circumstances. Matters worsened considerably when his father, a miller, was finally declared bankrupt and, under the law of the time, ended up in prison.

It was against this unpromising backdrop that Royce’s character was formed. Yet he was determined to make a better life for himself, and by the age of just 10 was working in London, first as a newspaper seller and later as a telegram delivery boy.

Things appeared to be moving his way when in 1879, with financial support from his aunt, he secured a coveted apprenticeship at the Great Northern Railway (GNR) workshops in Peterborough. Instantly and obviously in his element, his natural aptitude for design and innate skill with tools and materials quickly become apparent. One early indicator of his talent was a set of three miniature wheelbarrows he made in brass; these pieces clearly demonstrate the exemplary standard of workmanship and quest for excellence he would maintain throughout his life.

VICISSITUDES

Royce’s drive for self-improvement came to an abrupt halt after two years, when his aunt was unable to pay his annual apprenticeship fee. Undaunted, Royce returned to London and, in 1881, began work at the fledgling Electric Lighting & Power Generating Company (EL&PG).

His decision to forsake traditional engineering for the emerging field of electricity was essentially a pragmatic one. Electricity was then so new it had no governing body or professional institutions, and thus no examinations to pass or standards to attain. Unlike in engineering, therefore, Royce’s lack of formal qualifications was no barrier to his progress.

His fascination for the subject, already formidable work ethic and commitment to study (he attended evening classes in English and Mathematics after work) meant that in 1882, the EL&PG, by now renamed the Maxim-Weston Electric Company, sent him to work for its subsidiary in Lancashire as First (Chief) Electrician, responsible for street and theatre lighting in the city of Liverpool. Yet again, however, circumstances conspired against him: through gross mismanagement in its acquisition of patents, the company abruptly went into receivership and Royce, aged only 19, found himself unemployed once more.

TAKING CHARGE

Although the parent company of his erstwhile employer chose to salvage what it could rather than sell off the remaining resources, Royce had had enough. Impelled by his innate drive, clear appetite for (calculated) risk and the abundant self-assurance noted by his contemporaries, he started up in business on his own.

In late 1884, he founded F H Royce & Co (he was christened Frederick Henry) in Manchester. Initially producing small items such as battery-powered door bells, the company progressed to making heavy equipment such as overhead cranes and railway shunting capstans.

But while the business was thriving, Royce himself was not. By 1901, his years of overwork and a strained home life were taking a severe toll on his health, which had probably been fundamentally weakened by the privations of his childhood.

His doctor persuaded him to buy a De Dion quadricycle as a way to escape the office and enjoy some fresh air; but before long, Royce’s health collapsed. A major contributing factor was his growing concern that the company was heading into financial problems; something that would perhaps have had particular significance for him given his father’s experiences.

The company owed its dwindling fortunes to an influx of cheap, or at least cheaper, electrical machinery from Germany and the USA that was able to undercut Royce’s prices. Ever the perfectionist, Royce himself was not prepared to enter a race to the bottom or compromise the quality of his products.

Complete rest was required, and he was eventually persuaded to take a 10-week holiday to visit his wife’s family in South Africa. On the long voyage home, he read ‘The Automobile – its construction and management’. The book would change his life – and ultimately, the world.

MAKING THE BEST BETTER

On his return to England, Royce ­– now fully revitalised both mentally and physically – immediately acquired his first motor car, a 10 H.P. Decauville. Given the still-parlous state of his company’s finances, this might have seemed a frivolous squandering of precious funds; but in fact, this purchase was a shrewd and calculated one that, in his mind, held the key to the company’s future prosperity.

The story usually goes that this first car was so poorly made and unreliable that Royce decided he could do better. In fact, his holiday reading had already focused his mind on producing his own car from scratch; he had already supplied a limited number of electric motors for the ‘Pritchett and Gold’ electric car. So contrary to the received wisdom, he chose the Decauville precisely because it was the finest car available to him, in order to dismantle it and then, in his most famous phrase, “take the best that exists and make it better”.

He began by building three two-cylinder 10 H.P. cars based on the Decauville layout. That he was the only person who believed this new direction could save the company is another sign of his tenacity and self-belief. Just as importantly, his attention to detail in design and manufacture, accompanied by a continuous review of components after analysis, set the production template he would follow until his death.

These first examples were followed by the three-cylinder 15 H.P., four-cylinder 20 H.P. and six-cylinder 30 H.P. – each of which represented significant advances in automotive design. In 1906, two years after the founding of Rolls-Royce, Managing Director Claude Johnson persuaded Royce to adopt a ‘one model’ policy. In response, Royce designed the 40/50 H.P. ‘Silver Ghost’, the car that rightly earned the immortal soubriquet “the best car in the world”.

The Silver Ghost demonstrated Royce’s almost uncanny instinct for using the right materials for components, long before scientific analysis could provide reliable data. He also worked out that the properties of fluids alter with speed, so designed the Silver Ghost’s carburettor with three jets that came into play at different throttle openings, thereby eliminating ‘flat spots’.

HOME AND AWAY

By 1906 it was obvious that Rolls-Royce’s Cooke Street works in Manchester could no longer accommodate the company’s rapidly expanding motor car production. Rolls-Royce acquired a site on Nightingale Road in Derby, where Royce designed and oversaw the building of a brand-new, purpose-built factory. He undertook this enormous and technically complex task on top of his normal workload, and demanded his customary exacting standards from all concerned, not least himself.

Given the relentless volume and pace of his work, Royce’s second serious health crisis in 1911 came as little surprise. Rest was again prescribed, and during the summer and autumn, Johnson drove him on a road trip that extended as far as Egypt. On the return journey, they stopped in the south of France, where Royce took a strong liking for the tiny hamlet of Le Canadel, near Nice. Ever the man of action, Johnson bought a parcel of land and commissioned a new house for Royce, plus a smaller villa for visiting draughtsmen and assistants. Royce himself naturally took a keen interest in the building work, basing himself in a nearby hotel.

His health, however, remained fragile. After a relapse which led to emergency surgery in England, he returned to the now-finished house to recuperate. For the rest of life, he (very sensibly) spent his winters at Le Canadel and the summers in the south of England.

From 1917, his English residence was Elmstead, an 18th-Century house in the village of West Wittering on the Sussex coast, just eight miles from the present-day Home of Rolls-Royce at Goodwood. Elmstead had some adjoining land, where Royce resumed his long-standing interest in fruit farming. Inevitably, he brought his desire for perfection to this activity, too, and he quickly became a leading expert in many aspects of farming and horticulture.

His domestic life at Elmstead throws further light on his perfectionist nature, which focused his attention on even the smallest actions of others. For example, any aspiring cook would be employed only if they boiled potatoes in the ‘right’ way – just as an unfortunate labourer in the Cooke Street works was once admonished and shown how to use a broom correctly.

A REMARKABLE LEGACY

Whether he was designing car components or aircraft engines, Royce’s search for perfection never waned; yet even he acknowledged that it was, in fact, unattainable. His mantra for his drawing-office staff was ‘Rub out, alter, improve, refine’, and that process of constant improvement and development led to some of his greatest engineering achievements. Under his direction, the Buzzard aero engine built in 1927 with an initial output of 825 H.P. was transformed in just four years into the Schneider Trophy-winning ‘R’ engine that, in its final form, was capable of producing 2,783 H.P. And his outline design for a V12 engine would appear almost unaltered in the Phantom III of 1936, three years after his death. An instinctive, intuitive engineer, he was a firm believer that if something looked right, it probably was right. His extraordinary ability to assess components by eye alone proved infallible time and time again.

Royce’s tendency to overwork, often at the expense of his own health, was a symptom of his quest for perfection, and a will to achieve it forged in hardship and adversity. He was a highly driven – some might say obsessive – man who overcame many setbacks and misfortunes, and applied his meticulous engineer’s eye, inquisitive mind and relentless work ethic to every aspect of his life. And such is the power of his ethos and legend, they still inform and inspire the company that bears his name 160 years after his birth.

EDITORS’ NOTES

Rolls-Royce Motor Cars is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the BMW Group and is a completely separate company from Rolls-Royce plc, the manufacturer of aircraft engines and propulsion systems. 2,500 skilled men and women are employed at the Rolls-Royce Motor Cars’ head office and manufacturing plant at Goodwood, West Sussex, the only place in the world where the company’s super-luxury motor cars are hand-built.

[Courtesy of the Rolls-Royce Press Club]


  



Michael Moran 

Chairman 

Michael Moran

Secretary Polish Section

RREC | The International Club for Rolls-Royce and Bentley Enthusiasts

     Member